15th Century BC (Traditional Dating of the Exodus)
The Israelites were in the process of forming a covenant community under Yahweh's guidance, having recently been delivered from Egyptian bondage.
The Israelites were a nomadic group in the wilderness, having left the political sphere of Egypt and not yet entered the land of Canaan.
Mount Sinai (also known as Horeb), located in the Sinai Peninsula, where the Israelites camped and received the Law.
The covenant ceremony involved sacrificial offerings and the sprinkling of blood, which were common practices in ancient Near Eastern treaty rituals to signify agreement and purification.
Moses
Aaron
Moses' brother and the first high priest of Israel.
Nadab and Abihu
Seventy Elders of Israel
Representatives of the people who witnessed the covenant ceremony.