The term is a feminine noun, often used in the context of divine retribution or justice.
Cultural context
In the ancient Near Eastern context, vengeance was often seen as a divine prerogative, reflecting the justice and holiness of God.
Theological significance
The concept of vengeance in this passage underscores God's justice and His role as the ultimate judge, particularly against nations that have wronged Israel.
The term is a feminine noun, often used to describe a state of happiness or celebration.
Cultural context
Joy in the biblical context often relates to celebrations of victory or divine favor, but here it is used ironically to describe the inappropriate joy of Israel's enemies.
Theological significance
This term highlights the inappropriate rejoicing of the Ammonites over Israel's misfortune, which leads to their own judgment by God.