6th Century BC
The Babylonian Empire was at its height, having conquered Jerusalem and taken many Israelites into exile. The culture was polytheistic, with a pantheon of gods, and Babylon was known for its wealth and grandeur.
Babylon, under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II, was the dominant power in the Near East. However, the Medo-Persian Empire was rising, threatening Babylon's supremacy.
Babylon, located in modern-day Iraq, was a major city on the Euphrates River, known for its impressive walls and the Hanging Gardens, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Babylonian society was hierarchical, with a king at the top, followed by priests, merchants, and slaves. The legal system was based on the Code of Hammurabi, emphasizing retributive justice.
Nebuchadnezzar II
King of Babylon, responsible for the conquest of Jerusalem and the Babylonian Exile.