Likely during the Patriarchal Period (circa 2000-1700 BC)
The Book of Job is set in a time when patriarchal family structures were prevalent, and wisdom literature was a common means of exploring human suffering and divine justice.
The narrative is not tied to a specific political entity, reflecting a more universal exploration of human and divine interaction rather than a focus on national politics.
The land of Uz, which is thought to be located in the region of Edom or northern Arabia, though its exact location is uncertain.
The society valued wisdom and understanding, often expressed through dialogues and discourses. The belief in retributive justice, where good is rewarded and evil is punished, was a common worldview.
Elihu
A young man who speaks to Job and his friends, offering a different perspective on Job's suffering.
- Job Chapter 32 (Introduction of Elihu)
- Job Chapter 34 (Elihu's previous discourse)
- Proverbs (Wisdom literature exploring themes of righteousness and justice)