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Leviticus 11

World English Bible

WEB

1Yahweh spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying to them, 2“Speak to the children of Israel, saying, ‘These are the living things which you may eat among all the animals that are on the earth. 3Whatever parts the hoof, and is cloven-footed, and chews the cud among the animals, that you may eat. 4“‘Nevertheless these you shall not eat of those that chew the cud, or of those who part the hoof: the camel, because it chews the cud but doesn’t have a parted hoof, is unclean to you. 5The hyrax, because it chews the cud but doesn’t have a parted hoof, is unclean to you. 6The hare, because it chews the cud but doesn’t have a parted hoof, is unclean to you. 7The pig, because it has a split hoof, and is cloven-footed, but doesn’t chew the cud, is unclean to you. 8You shall not eat their meat. You shall not touch their carcasses. They are unclean to you. 9“‘You may eat of all these that are in the waters: whatever has fins and scales in the waters, in the seas, and in the rivers, that you may eat. 10All that don’t have fins and scales in the seas and rivers, all that move in the waters, and all the living creatures that are in the waters, they are an abomination to you, 11and you shall detest them. You shall not eat of their meat, and you shall detest their carcasses. 12Whatever has no fins nor scales in the waters is an abomination to you. 13“‘You shall detest these among the birds; they shall not be eaten because they are an abomination: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture, 14the red kite, any kind of black kite, 15any kind of raven, 16the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 17the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey, 19the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe, and the bat. 20“‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are an abomination to you. 21Yet you may eat these: of all winged creeping things that go on all fours, which have long, jointed legs for hopping on the earth. 22Even of these you may eat: any kind of locust, any kind of katydid, any kind of cricket, and any kind of grasshopper. 23But all winged creeping things which have four feet are an abomination to you. 24“‘By these you will become unclean: whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening. 25Whoever carries any part of their carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. 26“‘Every animal which has a split hoof that isn’t completely divided, or doesn’t chew the cud, is unclean to you. Everyone who touches them shall be unclean. 27Whatever goes on its paws, among all animals that go on all fours, they are unclean to you. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening. 28He who carries their carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. They are unclean to you. 29“‘These are they which are unclean to you among the creeping things that creep on the earth: the weasel, the rat, any kind of great lizard, 30the gecko, and the monitor lizard, the wall lizard, the skink, and the chameleon. 31These are they which are unclean to you among all that creep. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until the evening. 32Anything they fall on when they are dead shall be unclean; whether it is any vessel of wood, or clothing, or skin, or sack, whatever vessel it is, with which any work is done, it must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the evening. Then it will be clean. 33Every earthen vessel into which any of them falls and all that is in it shall be unclean. You shall break it. 34All food which may be eaten which is soaked in water shall be unclean. All drink that may be drunk in every such vessel shall be unclean. 35Everything whereupon part of their carcass falls shall be unclean; whether oven, or range for pots, it shall be broken in pieces. They are unclean, and shall be unclean to you. 36Nevertheless a spring or a cistern in which water is gathered shall be clean, but that which touches their carcass shall be unclean. 37If part of their carcass falls on any sowing seed which is to be sown, it is clean. 38But if water is put on the seed, and part of their carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you. 39“‘If any animal of which you may eat dies, he who touches its carcass shall be unclean until the evening. 40He who eats of its carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. He also who carries its carcass shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. 41“‘Every creeping thing that creeps on the earth is an abomination. It shall not be eaten. 42Whatever goes on its belly, and whatever goes on all fours, or whatever has many feet, even all creeping things that creep on the earth, them you shall not eat; for they are an abomination. 43You shall not make yourselves abominable with any creeping thing that creeps. You shall not make yourselves unclean with them, that you should be defiled by them. 44For I am Yahweh your God. Sanctify yourselves therefore, and be holy; for I am holy. You shall not defile yourselves with any kind of creeping thing that moves on the earth. 45For I am Yahweh who brought you up out of the land of Egypt, to be your God. You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy. 46“‘This is the law of the animal, and of the bird, and of every living creature that moves in the waters, and of every creature that creeps on the earth, 47to make a distinction between the unclean and the clean, and between the living thing that may be eaten and the living thing that may not be eaten.’”

World English Bible, 2020 stable text edition. Public domain; “World English Bible” is a trademark of eBible.org. eBible.org

Overview

Leviticus Chapter 11 provides detailed instructions regarding dietary laws for the Israelites, emphasizing the concept of holiness and separation from unclean animals. God commands Moses and Aaron to inform the people of Israel about which animals are clean and permissible to eat and which are considered unclean. The chapter categorizes animals into land, sea, and air creatures, highlighting specific characteristics that determine their cleanliness. For instance, land animals must have split hooves and chew the cud, while sea creatures must have fins and scales. This distinction serves to remind the Israelites of their unique identity as God’s chosen people, set apart for His purposes (#dietarylaws, #cleanandunclean).

The chapter also addresses birds and insects, listing those that are unclean and should not be consumed. The repeated emphasis on cleanliness reflects God’s desire for His people to maintain purity in all aspects of life, including their diet. The concluding verses reiterate the importance of these laws, stating that they are to be observed as a means of holiness, as God is holy. This call to holiness is foundational for the Israelites, as it shapes their relationship with God and their witness to the surrounding nations. Ultimately, Leviticus 11 serves as a reminder that obedience to God’s commands is essential for living a life that honors Him (#holiness, #Israelites).

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Referenced by

  1. Exodus 22:31v44Exodus 22:31 calls the Israelites to be holy, a command that is reiterated in Leviticus 11:44, where God calls His people to holiness because He is holy.
  2. Leviticus 7:19v24Leviticus 7:19 emphasizes the importance of cleanliness in consuming sacrificial meat, which is expanded upon in Leviticus 11:24-28 regarding the laws of clean and unclean animals.
  3. Numbers 31:19v24Numbers 31:19 discusses purification after contact with the dead, which is detailed in Leviticus 11:24-28 regarding ceremonial cleanliness laws.
  4. Deuteronomy 14:3v1Deuteronomy 14:3 begins the dietary laws for Israel, which are detailed in Leviticus 11, outlining clean and unclean animals.
  5. Judges 14:8-9v27Judges 14:8-9 describes Samson eating honey from the carcass of a lion, which is contrary to the Levitical law in Leviticus 11:27 that declares touching a carcass unclean. This highlights Samson's disregard for the Nazirite vow and the law.
  6. 1 Peter 1:16v441 Peter 1:16 quotes Leviticus 11:44, calling believers to holiness because God is holy, emphasizing the continuity of God's call to holiness from the Old Testament to the New Testament.

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