1st Century AD (Roman Era)
The Jewish people were living under Roman occupation, with a strong expectation of the coming Messiah. Jewish religious life was centered around the Temple in Jerusalem and adherence to the Law of Moses.
The Roman Empire was the dominant political force, with Herod the Great ruling as a client king of Judea under Roman authority.
The events occur in Judea, specifically in the hill country and Jerusalem, where the Temple was located.
Priestly duties were highly respected, and the birth of a child, especially a son, was considered a blessing. The Jewish people were awaiting the fulfillment of Messianic prophecies.
Herod the Great
King of Judea, known for his extensive building projects and the expansion of the Second Temple.
Zechariah
A priest of the division of Abijah, father of John the Baptist.
Elizabeth
Wife of Zechariah, mother of John the Baptist, and relative of Mary.
Mary
Mother of Jesus, visited by the angel Gabriel to announce the birth of Jesus.
Gabriel