The term is a masculine noun, often used in the plural form in this chapter, indicating a group of people characterized by hypocrisy.
Cultural context
In ancient Greek culture, 'hypokritēs' referred to an actor or one who wears a mask. In the context of Matthew 23, it denotes religious leaders who pretend to be righteous.
Theological significance
Jesus uses this term to criticize the Pharisees and scribes for their outward show of piety while lacking true righteousness, emphasizing the importance of inner purity over external appearances.
Related terms
Anupokritos (Greek for 'sincere', 'without hypocrisy')
The term is a masculine noun, used to denote a member of a Jewish sect known for strict adherence to the law.
Cultural context
The Pharisees were a prominent religious group in Judaism during the Second Temple period, known for their emphasis on oral tradition and legalistic interpretation of the Torah.
Theological significance
Jesus' rebuke of the Pharisees highlights the danger of legalism and the neglect of justice, mercy, and faithfulness, which are central to God's law.
The term is an adjective, often used to describe things set apart for God, such as the temple or offerings.
Cultural context
In Jewish tradition, holiness was associated with being set apart for God's purposes, often linked to the temple and its rituals.
Theological significance
Jesus' use of 'hagios' in this chapter underscores the sacredness of the temple and the importance of true devotion to God rather than mere ritualistic observance.