10th Century BC (Era of King David)
The Israelites were a theocratic society, deeply rooted in the worship of Yahweh, amidst surrounding nations that practiced polytheism.
During the time of King David, Israel was transitioning from a loose confederation of tribes to a centralized monarchy, facing threats from neighboring nations such as the Philistines.
The setting is generally within the land of Israel, with Jerusalem as the political and spiritual center under King David's rule.
The Israelites were expected to live according to the Law of Moses, which emphasized justice, mercy, and faithfulness to God. The psalm reflects a critique of those who live as if there is no God, highlighting a moral and spiritual decline.
David
King of Israel and traditionally attributed author of many Psalms.