11th Century BC
The Israelites were transitioning from a tribal confederation to a centralized monarchy under Saul, their first king.
The period was marked by frequent conflicts with neighboring peoples, including the Ammonites, Philistines, and others. The Israelites were seeking unity and strength under a king to defend against these threats.
Jabesh-gilead, located east of the Jordan River in the territory of Gilead, was under threat from the Ammonites.
The Israelites were governed by tribal leaders and judges before the establishment of the monarchy. The demand for a king was partly driven by the need for a unified military leader.
Saul
First King of Israel, anointed by Samuel, who led the Israelites to victory against the Ammonites.
Nahash
King of the Ammonites, who besieged Jabesh-gilead and threatened its inhabitants.