10th Century BC
The period following the death of King Saul, marked by a transition of power and the establishment of David's rule over Judah.
Israel was divided, with David ruling over Judah from Hebron and Ish-bosheth, Saul's son, ruling over the rest of Israel with the support of Abner.
Hebron, a significant city in Judah, served as David's capital during his initial reign. Gibeon, where the battle between Abner's and Joab's men took place, was a significant city in the territory of Benjamin.
The tribal system was prevalent, with loyalty often divided along tribal lines. The concept of anointing a king was significant, as it indicated divine approval and legitimacy.
David
Anointed King of Judah, establishing his rule in Hebron.
Ish-bosheth
Son of Saul, made king over Israel by Abner.
Abner
Commander of Saul's army, supporter of Ish-bosheth.
Joab
Commander of David's forces.