Skip to content
Scripture Mapping

Esther 3

World English Bible

WEB

1After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes who were with him. 2All the king’s servants who were in the king’s gate bowed down and paid homage to Haman, for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai didn’t bow down or pay him homage. 3Then the king’s servants who were in the king’s gate said to Mordecai, “Why do you disobey the king’s commandment?” 4Now it came to pass, when they spoke daily to him, and he didn’t listen to them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai’s reason would stand; for he had told them that he was a Jew. 5When Haman saw that Mordecai didn’t bow down nor pay him homage, Haman was full of wrath. 6But he scorned the thought of laying hands on Mordecai alone, for they had made known to him Mordecai’s people. Therefore Haman sought to destroy all the Jews who were throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus, even Mordecai’s people. 7In the first month, which is the month Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, they cast Pur, that is, the lot, before Haman from day to day, and from month to month, and chose the twelfth month, which is the month Adar. 8Haman said to King Ahasuerus, “There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom, and their laws are different from other people’s. They don’t keep the king’s laws. Therefore it is not for the king’s profit to allow them to remain. 9If it pleases the king, let it be written that they be destroyed; and I will pay ten thousand talents of silver into the hands of those who are in charge of the king’s business, to bring it into the king’s treasuries.” 10The king took his ring from his hand, and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews’ enemy. 11The king said to Haman, “The silver is given to you, the people also, to do with them as it seems good to you.” 12Then the king’s scribes were called in on the first month, on the thirteenth day of the month; and all that Haman commanded was written to the king’s local governors, and to the governors who were over every province, and to the princes of every people, to every province according to its writing, and to every people in their language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus, and it was sealed with the king’s ring. 13Letters were sent by couriers into all the king’s provinces, to destroy, to kill, and to cause to perish, all Jews, both young and old, little children and women, in one day, even on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month Adar, and to plunder their possessions. 14A copy of the letter, that the decree should be given out in every province, was published to all the peoples, that they should be ready against that day. 15The couriers went out in haste by the king’s commandment, and the decree was given out in the citadel of Susa. The king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city of Susa was perplexed.

World English Bible, 2020 stable text edition. Public domain; “World English Bible” is a trademark of eBible.org. eBible.org

Overview

Esther Chapter 3 introduces a pivotal moment in the narrative of the Jewish people during their exile in Persia. The chapter begins with the promotion of Haman, the Agagite, to a position of great power as the king's prime minister. This elevation brings about a significant conflict, as Haman demands that all the king's servants bow down to him. However, Mordecai, a Jew and Esther's cousin, refuses to bow, citing his allegiance to God and his identity as a Jew. Haman's anger is ignited by Mordecai's defiance, leading him to seek revenge not just against Mordecai, but against all the Jewish people. This highlights the theme of identity and the consequences of standing firm in one's faith amidst societal pressures. #Mordecai #Haman #Esther #JewishIdentity
In his wrath, Haman devises a sinister plan to annihilate the Jews throughout the Persian Empire. He manipulates King Ahasuerus by presenting the Jews as a people who do not obey the king's laws, thus persuading the king to issue a decree for their destruction. Haman casts lots, or 'pur', to determine the date for this planned genocide, which adds a layer of foreboding to the narrative. The chapter concludes with the king's approval of Haman's decree, and the news of the impending doom spreads throughout the Jewish community, causing great distress. This chapter sets the stage for the unfolding drama of deliverance and highlights the importance of faith and courage in the face of persecution. #Ahasuerus #Genocide #Purim

Study

13 of 14 dimensions

Referenced by

  1. Ezra 4:6v8Ezra 4:6 mentions accusations against the Jews during the reign of Ahasuerus, which is similar to the plot against the Jews in Esther 3:8-9, where Haman accuses them of having different laws and not obeying the king's laws.
  2. Psalms 83:4v6Psalm 83:4 speaks of enemies conspiring to destroy Israel, similar to Haman's plot in Esther 3:6 to annihilate the Jewish people.

Topics in this chapter

Your study

Take it with you

This chapter’s study as a Markdown file. The analysis was written for a notebook originally, so the hashtags arrive as hashtags and the passages as links.