6th Century BC (During the Babylonian Exile)
The Israelites were in exile in Babylon, having been removed from their homeland due to their disobedience to God. This period was marked by a longing for restoration and a return to the worship of Yahweh in Jerusalem.
Babylon was the dominant empire, having conquered Jerusalem and taken many Israelites into exile. The Babylonian Empire was known for its grandeur and its policy of relocating conquered peoples.
The vision in Ezekiel 43 is set in a future, idealized version of the Temple in Jerusalem, which had been destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BC.
The Israelites in exile were grappling with maintaining their identity and faith in a foreign land. The vision of the restored Temple served as a symbol of hope and divine presence.
Ezekiel