19th Century BC (Patriarchal Period)
The narrative takes place during the time of the patriarchs, where family lineage and tribal affiliations were central to identity and social structure.
Egypt was a powerful and centralized kingdom, with a structured bureaucracy under the Pharaoh. The region was experiencing a severe famine, which affected surrounding areas, including Canaan.
The events occur in Egypt, specifically in the royal court where Joseph, an Israelite, has risen to a position of power as the governor, second only to Pharaoh.
The chapter highlights the importance of family reconciliation and forgiveness, as well as the practice of seeking refuge in foreign lands during times of famine.
Joseph
Governor of Egypt, son of Jacob, who reveals his identity to his brothers.
Pharaoh
Ruler of Egypt who supports Joseph's family moving to Egypt.
Jacob