1st Century AD
The early Christian community was emerging from Judaism, grappling with the transition from the Old Covenant to the New Covenant established through Jesus Christ.
The Roman Empire was the dominant political force, with Judea under Roman occupation. The Jewish Temple in Jerusalem was still standing, and the priestly system was active.
The letter to the Hebrews is generally thought to be addressed to Jewish Christians, possibly in Rome or another major city within the Roman Empire.
The Jewish religious system was centered around the Temple, sacrifices, and the Levitical priesthood. The concept of a New Covenant was radical, as it implied a fulfillment and transformation of the existing religious order.
Jesus Christ
High Priest of the New Covenant, seated at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven.
Moses
Mediator of the Old Covenant, which is contrasted with the New Covenant in this chapter.