10th Century BC
The Israelites were a united kingdom under the rule of King David, who was a central figure in their religious and political life.
King David faced internal strife and rebellion, notably from his son Absalom, which is the backdrop for Psalm 3.
The events are set in the region of ancient Israel, specifically during David's flight from Jerusalem, likely in the wilderness areas surrounding the city.
The monarchy was a divinely sanctioned institution, and rebellion against the king was seen as rebellion against God's chosen leader. Familial loyalty and honor were highly valued, making Absalom's rebellion particularly grievous.
David
King of Israel, author of the Psalm, and central figure in the events described.
Absalom
Son of David who led a rebellion against his father.