10th Century BC
The Israelites were a united kingdom under the rule of King David, who was establishing Jerusalem as the political and spiritual center.
David's reign marked a period of consolidation and expansion for Israel, with surrounding nations such as the Philistines, Moabites, and Ammonites being subdued.
The events occur primarily in Jerusalem and throughout the land of Israel, including the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite, which is significant for its future role as the site of the Temple.
Censuses were often conducted for military or taxation purposes, but in this context, it was seen as an act of pride and lack of trust in God's provision.
David
King of Israel, who orders a census of the people, leading to divine judgment.
Joab
Commander of David's army, who reluctantly carries out the census.
Araunah the Jebusite
Owner of the threshing floor where David builds an altar to stop the plague.