15th Century BC (Traditional Dating of the Exodus)
The Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, a polytheistic society with a pantheon of gods, which contrasted with the monotheistic faith of the Israelites.
Egypt was a powerful and influential kingdom ruled by Pharaoh, who was considered a god-king and held absolute power over the land and its people.
The events occur in Egypt, primarily around the Nile River, which was central to Egyptian life and economy.
Egyptian society was hierarchical, with Pharaoh at the top, followed by priests, nobles, and common people. The Israelites were at the bottom as slaves, forced into hard labor.
Moses
Aaron
Brother of Moses and his spokesperson, who assists in confronting Pharaoh.
Pharaoh
Ruler of Egypt, who opposes Moses and Aaron and refuses to let the Israelites go.