Genesis 38
World English Bible
WEB1At that time, Judah went down from his brothers, and visited a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah. 2There, Judah saw the daughter of a certain Canaanite man named Shua. He took her, and went in to her. 3She conceived, and bore a son; and he named him Er. 4She conceived again, and bore a son; and she named him Onan. 5She yet again bore a son, and named him Shelah. He was at Chezib when she bore him. 6Judah took a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar. 7Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in Yahweh’s sight. So Yahweh killed him. 8Judah said to Onan, “Go in to your brother’s wife, and perform the duty of a husband’s brother to her, and raise up offspring for your brother.” 9Onan knew that the offspring wouldn’t be his; and when he went in to his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground, lest he should give offspring to his brother. 10The thing which he did was evil in Yahweh’s sight, and he killed him also. 11Then Judah said to Tamar, his daughter-in-law, “Remain a widow in your father’s house, until Shelah, my son, is grown up;” for he said, “Lest he also die, like his brothers.” Tamar went and lived in her father’s house. 12After many days, Shua’s daughter, the wife of Judah, died. Judah was comforted, and went up to his sheep shearers to Timnah, he and his friend Hirah, the Adullamite. 13Tamar was told, “Behold, your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep.” 14She took off the garments of her widowhood, and covered herself with her veil, and wrapped herself, and sat in the gate of Enaim, which is on the way to Timnah; for she saw that Shelah was grown up, and she wasn’t given to him as a wife. 15When Judah saw her, he thought that she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face. 16He turned to her by the way, and said, “Please come, let me come in to you,” for he didn’t know that she was his daughter-in-law. She said, “What will you give me, that you may come in to me?” 17He said, “I will send you a young goat from the flock.” She said, “Will you give me a pledge, until you send it?” 18He said, “What pledge will I give you?” She said, “Your signet and your cord, and your staff that is in your hand.” He gave them to her, and came in to her, and she conceived by him. 19She arose, and went away, and put off her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood. 20Judah sent the young goat by the hand of his friend, the Adullamite, to receive the pledge from the woman’s hand, but he didn’t find her. 21Then he asked the men of her place, saying, “Where is the prostitute, that was at Enaim by the road?” They said, “There has been no prostitute here.” 22He returned to Judah, and said, “I haven’t found her; and also the men of the place said, ‘There has been no prostitute here.’” 23Judah said, “Let her keep it, lest we be shamed. Behold, I sent this young goat, and you haven’t found her.” 24About three months later, Judah was told, “Tamar, your daughter-in-law, has played the prostitute. Moreover, behold, she is with child by prostitution.” Judah said, “Bring her out, and let her be burned.” 25When she was brought out, she sent to her father-in-law, saying, “I am with child by the man who owns these.” She also said, “Please discern whose these are—the signet, and the cords, and the staff.” 26Judah acknowledged them, and said, “She is more righteous than I, because I didn’t give her to Shelah, my son.” He knew her again no more. 27In the time of her travail, behold, twins were in her womb. 28When she travailed, one put out a hand, and the midwife took and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, “This came out first.” 29As he drew back his hand, behold, his brother came out, and she said, “Why have you made a breach for yourself?” Therefore his name was called Perez. 30Afterward his brother came out, who had the scarlet thread on his hand, and his name was called Zerah.
World English Bible, 2020 stable text edition. Public domain; “World English Bible” is a trademark of eBible.org. eBible.org
Overview
Genesis Chapter 38 presents a significant narrative that focuses on the story of Judah and Tamar, which serves as a critical lesson on family dynamics, justice, and God's providence. The chapter begins with Judah separating from his brothers and marrying a Canaanite woman, Shua, which highlights the ongoing theme of intermarriage with the surrounding nations. Judah and Shua have three sons: Er, Onan, and Shelah. The narrative takes a turn when Er, Judah's firstborn, is struck dead by the Lord for his wickedness, leading Judah to instruct Onan to fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law by marrying Tamar, Er's widow, to produce offspring in his brother's name. However, Onan refuses to fulfill this duty, leading to his own demise as well, illustrating the seriousness of God's commands regarding family responsibilities and lineage.
The story continues with Tamar, who, after being widowed and denied the opportunity to marry Shelah, takes matters into her own hands. Disguising herself as a prostitute, she encounters Judah, who does not recognize her. This encounter results in Tamar becoming pregnant, and when Judah learns of her pregnancy, he initially condemns her to be burned for her perceived immorality. However, Tamar reveals Judah's identity as the father of her child by producing his signet, cord, and staff. This moment leads to a profound realization for Judah, who acknowledges his wrongdoing and declares Tamar more righteous than himself. The chapter concludes with the birth of twins, Perez and Zerah, through Tamar, establishing a significant lineage that ultimately leads to the line of David and, ultimately, Jesus Christ. This chapter emphasizes themes of redemption, the importance of fulfilling familial duties, and God's sovereignty in using flawed individuals to accomplish His divine purposes.
Referenced by
- Ruth 4:14v29Ruth 4:14 praises the Lord for providing a redeemer, paralleling the birth of Perez to Tamar and Judah in Genesis 38:29, which also involved a form of levirate marriage and continuation of a family line.
- 1 Chronicles 2:3v61 Chronicles 2:3 mentions Er, Onan, and Shelah, the sons of Judah, whose story is detailed in Genesis 38:6-10, highlighting the consequences of disobedience and God's justice.
Topics in this chapter
- Justice
- Lineage
- Redemption
- Genealogy
- Judah
- Levirate Marriage
- Tamar
- Deception
- Perez
- Sovereignty of God
- Covenant
- Faith
- Faithfulness
- Family Lineage
- Inheritance
- Integrity
- Lineage of Christ
- Repentance
- Righteousness
- Tribe of Judah
- Zerah
- Adullam
- Authority
- Biblical Art
- Birthright
- Canaan
- Chezib
- Discernment
- Disguise
- Divine Providence
- Family
- Family Duty
- Family Responsibility
- Gender Equality in the Bible
- God's Plan
- God's Promises
- Growth
- Honesty
- Identity in Christ
- Judah and Tamar
- Judgment
- Law
- Mercy
- Moral Ethics in the Bible
- New Beginning
- Onanism
- Patriarchs
- Perseverance
- Providence
- Refuge
- Responsibility
- Reversal
- Scarlet Thread
- Struggle
- Timnah
- Transformation
- Trusting God
- Truth
- Twin
- Widowhood
- Women's Rights in the Bible
Related chapters
- Ruth 4Levirate MarriageLineage of ChristGenealogy
- Matthew 1GenealogyLineage
- 1 Chronicles 2PerezTribe of JudahGenealogy
- Deuteronomy 25Family ResponsibilityFamily LineageLevirate Marriage
- Genesis 29BirthrightStruggleLineage
- Genesis 25BirthrightGenealogyLineage
- Genesis 27BirthrightPatriarchsHonesty
- 2 Samuel 13TamarLineageDeception
- Genesis 37PatriarchsDeceptionDivine Providence
- Genesis 30StruggleLineagePatriarchs
- Ruth 1WidowhoodLineage of ChristGenealogy
- Judges 14TimnahHonestyDeception
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