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1 Kings 3

World English Bible

WEB

1Solomon made a marriage alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt. He took Pharaoh’s daughter and brought her into David’s city until he had finished building his own house, Yahweh’s house, and the wall around Jerusalem. 2However, the people sacrificed in the high places, because there was not yet a house built for Yahweh’s name. 3Solomon loved Yahweh, walking in the statutes of David his father, except that he sacrificed and burned incense in the high places. 4The king went to Gibeon to sacrifice there, for that was the great high place. Solomon offered a thousand burnt offerings on that altar. 5In Gibeon, Yahweh appeared to Solomon in a dream by night; and God said, “Ask for what I should give you.” 6Solomon said, “You have shown to your servant David my father great loving kindness, because he walked before you in truth, in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart with you. You have kept for him this great loving kindness, that you have given him a son to sit on his throne, as it is today. 7Now, Yahweh my God, you have made your servant king instead of David my father. I am just a little child. I don’t know how to go out or come in. 8Your servant is among your people which you have chosen, a great people, that can’t be numbered or counted for multitude. 9Give your servant therefore an understanding heart to judge your people, that I may discern between good and evil; for who is able to judge this great people of yours?” 10This request pleased the Lord, that Solomon had asked this thing. 11God said to him, “Because you have asked this thing, and have not asked for yourself long life, nor have you asked for riches for yourself, nor have you asked for the life of your enemies, but have asked for yourself understanding to discern justice, 12behold, I have done according to your word. Behold, I have given you a wise and understanding heart, so that there has been no one like you before you, and after you none will arise like you. 13I have also given you that which you have not asked, both riches and honor, so that there will not be any among the kings like you for all your days. 14If you will walk in my ways, to keep my statutes and my commandments, as your father David walked, then I will lengthen your days.” 15Solomon awoke; and behold, it was a dream. Then he came to Jerusalem and stood before the ark of Yahweh’s covenant, and offered up burnt offerings, offered peace offerings, and made a feast for all his servants. 16Then two women who were prostitutes came to the king, and stood before him. 17The one woman said, “Oh, my lord, I and this woman dwell in one house. I delivered a child with her in the house. 18The third day after I delivered, this woman delivered also. We were together. There was no stranger with us in the house, just us two in the house. 19This woman’s child died in the night, because she lay on it. 20She arose at midnight, and took my son from beside me while your servant slept, and laid it in her bosom, and laid her dead child in my bosom. 21When I rose in the morning to nurse my child, behold, he was dead; but when I had looked at him in the morning, behold, it was not my son whom I bore.” 22The other woman said, “No! But the living one is my son, and the dead one is your son.” The first one said, “No! But the dead one is your son, and the living one is my son.” They argued like this before the king. 23Then the king said, “One says, ‘This is my son who lives, and your son is the dead one;’ and the other says, ‘No! But your son is the dead one, and my son is the living one.’” 24The king said, “Get me a sword.” So they brought a sword before the king. 25The king said, “Divide the living child in two, and give half to the one, and half to the other.” 26Then the woman whose the living child was spoke to the king, for her heart yearned over her son, and she said, “Oh, my lord, give her the living child, and in no way kill him!” But the other said, “He shall be neither mine nor yours. Divide him.” 27Then the king answered, “Give the first woman the living child, and definitely do not kill him. She is his mother.” 28All Israel heard of the judgment which the king had judged; and they feared the king, for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him to do justice.

World English Bible, 2020 stable text edition. Public domain; “World English Bible” is a trademark of eBible.org. eBible.org

Overview

1 Kings Chapter 3 presents a pivotal moment in the reign of King #Solomon, showcasing his wisdom and the divine favor bestowed upon him by God. The chapter begins with Solomon forming an alliance with #Pharaoh, king of Egypt, by marrying his daughter, which reflects the political strategies of the time. After establishing his reign, Solomon goes to Gibeon to offer sacrifices, where he encounters God in a dream. God asks Solomon what he desires, and instead of asking for wealth or long life, Solomon humbly requests an understanding heart to govern the people wisely. This request pleases God, who not only grants Solomon wisdom but also blesses him with riches and honor, making him unparalleled among kings (1 Kings 3:5-14).

The chapter continues with a demonstration of Solomon's wisdom through the famous case of two women who claim to be the mother of the same baby. Solomon proposes to divide the child in two, revealing the true mother through her selfless plea to spare the child's life. This wise judgment astonishes all of Israel, leading them to recognize that the wisdom of God is with Solomon (1 Kings 3:16-28). This narrative not only highlights Solomon's God-given wisdom but also sets the stage for his future reign, emphasizing the importance of seeking divine guidance in leadership and decision-making. The chapter serves as a reminder of the blessings that come from prioritizing wisdom and understanding over material desires.

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Referenced by

  1. 2 Chronicles 1:7v5Both passages describe the event where God appears to Solomon in a dream and offers to grant him whatever he asks. This highlights the importance of divine wisdom and guidance.
  2. 2 Chronicles 8:11v12 Chronicles 8:11 mentions Solomon bringing Pharaoh's daughter to a house he built for her, which connects to 1 Kings 3:1 where Solomon marries Pharaoh's daughter, highlighting his political alliances.
  3. 2 Chronicles 17:3v32 Chronicles 17:3 states that the Lord was with Jehoshaphat because he walked in the ways of David, similar to how 1 Kings 3:3 describes Solomon's love for the Lord and his walking in the statutes of David.
  4. Psalms 72:1v9Psalm 72:1 is a prayer for the king to have God's justice and righteousness, similar to Solomon's request for wisdom to govern the people in 1 Kings 3:9.
  5. Jeremiah 22:15-16v11Jeremiah 22:15-16 highlights the righteousness of Josiah, reminiscent of Solomon's request for wisdom to govern justly in 1 Kings 3:11-14.

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