1 Kings 4
World English Bible
WEB1King Solomon was king over all Israel. 2These were the princes whom he had: Azariah the son of Zadok, the priest; 3Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder; 4Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the army; Zadok and Abiathar were priests; 5Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister, the king’s friend; 6Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram the son of Abda was over the men subject to forced labor. 7Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, who provided food for the king and his household. Each man had to make provision for a month in the year. 8These are their names: Ben Hur, in the hill country of Ephraim; 9Ben Deker, in Makaz, in Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan; 10Ben Hesed, in Arubboth (Socoh and all the land of Hepher belonged to him); 11Ben Abinadab, in all the height of Dor (he had Taphath, Solomon’s daughter, as wife); 12Baana the son of Ahilud, in Taanach and Megiddo, and all Beth Shean which is beside Zarethan, beneath Jezreel, from Beth Shean to Abel Meholah, as far as beyond Jokmeam; 13Ben Geber, in Ramoth Gilead (the towns of Jair the son of Manasseh, which are in Gilead, belonged to him; and the region of Argob, which is in Bashan, sixty great cities with walls and bronze bars, belonged to him); 14Ahinadab the son of Iddo, in Mahanaim; 15Ahimaaz, in Naphtali (he also took Basemath the daughter of Solomon as wife); 16Baana the son of Hushai, in Asher and Bealoth; 17Jehoshaphat the son of Paruah, in Issachar; 18Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin; 19Geber the son of Uri, in the land of Gilead, the country of Sihon king of the Amorites and of Og king of Bashan; and he was the only officer who was in the land. 20Judah and Israel were numerous as the sand which is by the sea in multitude, eating and drinking and making merry. 21Solomon ruled over all the kingdoms from the River to the land of the Philistines, and to the border of Egypt. They brought tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life. 22Solomon’s provision for one day was thirty cors of fine flour, sixty measures of meal, 23ten head of fat cattle, twenty head of cattle out of the pastures, and one hundred sheep, in addition to deer, gazelles, roebucks, and fattened fowl. 24For he had dominion over all on this side of the River, from Tiphsah even to Gaza, over all the kings on this side of the River; and he had peace on all sides around him. 25Judah and Israel lived safely, every man under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan even to Beersheba, all the days of Solomon. 26Solomon had forty thousand stalls of horses for his chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen. 27Those officers provided food for King Solomon, and for all who came to King Solomon’s table, every man in his month. They let nothing be lacking. 28They also brought barley and straw for the horses and swift steeds to the place where the officers were, each man according to his duty. 29God gave Solomon abundant wisdom, understanding, and breadth of mind like the sand that is on the seashore. 30Solomon’s wisdom excelled the wisdom of all the children of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt. 31For he was wiser than all men—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol; and his fame was in all the nations all around. 32He spoke three thousand proverbs, and his songs numbered one thousand five. 33He spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon even to the hyssop that grows out of the wall; he also spoke of animals, of birds, of creeping things, and of fish. 34People of all nations came to hear the wisdom of Solomon, sent by all kings of the earth who had heard of his wisdom.
World English Bible, 2020 stable text edition. Public domain; “World English Bible” is a trademark of eBible.org. eBible.org
Overview
1 Kings Chapter 4 provides a detailed account of King Solomon's administration and the prosperity of Israel during his reign. The chapter begins by listing the key officials in Solomon's court, including the high priest #Zadok, the priest #Abiathar, and the chief officer #Adoniram, who was in charge of forced labor. This organization reflects Solomon's wisdom in governance, as he appointed capable leaders to manage various aspects of the kingdom, ensuring stability and order. The mention of these officials highlights the importance of leadership in fulfilling God's covenant with Israel, as Solomon's reign is characterized by peace and prosperity, fulfilling the promise made to David regarding his lineage.
The chapter continues to describe the vast wealth and resources of Solomon's kingdom, noting that he had 12 district governors who supplied provisions for the royal household, each responsible for a month of the year. This system not only demonstrates Solomon's administrative skills but also the abundance that God provided to Israel during this time. The text emphasizes that the people of Israel lived in peace and security, with each man enjoying the fruit of his labor under his own vine and fig tree, a fulfillment of the blessings promised in the #Covenant. The chapter concludes by highlighting Solomon's unparalleled wisdom, which was renowned throughout the nations, as he composed proverbs and songs, and even engaged in discussions with foreign dignitaries, such as the Queen of Sheba, who came to test his wisdom. This chapter serves as a testament to the fulfillment of God's promise to bless Solomon with wisdom and wealth, establishing him as a significant figure in biblical history.
Referenced by
- 2 Chronicles 9:22v30Both passages highlight Solomon's unparalleled wisdom, surpassing all the kings of the earth, which is a testament to God's gift to Solomon.
- 2 Chronicles 9:26v21Both verses describe the extent of Solomon's dominion, from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt, illustrating the fulfillment of God's promise of peace and prosperity.
- 2 Chronicles 23:21v202 Chronicles 23:21 notes the rejoicing of the people, similar to the joy and prosperity during Solomon's reign in 1 Kings 4:20, indicating a time of peace and divine favor.
- Daniel 1:20v29Daniel 1:20 states that Daniel and his friends were found ten times better in wisdom and understanding than all the magicians and enchanters. Similarly, 1 Kings 4:29-30 describes Solomon's wisdom as greater than all the wisdom of Egypt, emphasizing the superiority of God-given wisdom.
Topics in this chapter
- Wisdom
- Peace
- Leadership
- Prosperity
- Solomon
- Governance
- Order
- Abundance
- Covenant
- Discernment
- God's Promises
- Israel
- Justice
- Art in the Bible
- Benaiah
- Blessing
- Chokmah (Wisdom)
- Christ's Supremacy
- Community
- Covenant Fulfillment
- Davidic Line
- Divine Blessing
- Divine Gift
- Divine Providence
- Divine Wisdom
- Ephraim
- Fulfillment
- Generosity
- Guidance in the Bible
- Jerusalem
- Judah
- King
- Kingdom of God
- Literature in the Bible
- Loyalty
- Messianic Foreshadowing
- Messianic Promise
- Military in the Bible
- Mishpat
- Monarchy
- Music in the Bible
- Nathan
- Northern Kingdom of Israel
- Obedience
- Organization in the Bible
- Planning in the Bible
- Priest
- Promised Land
- Prophet
- Proverbs
- Provision
- Righteous Leadership
- Security
- Shalom
- Solomon's Court
- Solomon's Wisdom
- Solomonic Peace
- Song of Solomon
- Spiritual Leadership
- Stewardship
- Tribal Inheritance
- Trust
- Understanding
- Zadok
Related chapters
- 1 Kings 3Solomon's WisdomChrist's SupremacyMishpat
- 2 Chronicles 9Divine GiftMishpatDivine Blessing
- 1 Chronicles 27BenaiahMilitary in the BibleOrganization in the Bible
- 2 Chronicles 8Military in the BibleMishpatOrder
- 2 Samuel 8Messianic ForeshadowingGovernanceRighteous Leadership
- 1 Kings 1ZadokNathanMilitary in the Bible
- Proverbs 2ProverbsChokmah (Wisdom)Divine Wisdom
- 1 Kings 2BenaiahMishpatMonarchy
- Proverbs 1ProverbsChokmah (Wisdom)Divine Wisdom
- Proverbs 25ProverbsDivine WisdomUnderstanding
- James 1Divine ProvidenceGenerosity
- 2 Samuel 7NathanMessianic PromiseDavidic Line
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