John 19
World English Bible
WEB1So Pilate then took Jesus and flogged him. 2The soldiers twisted thorns into a crown and put it on his head, and dressed him in a purple garment. 3They kept saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and they kept slapping him. 4Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him.” 5Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, “Behold, the man!” 6When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, “Crucify! Crucify!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him.” 7The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.” 8When therefore Pilate heard this saying, he was more afraid. 9He entered into the Praetorium again, and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave him no answer. 10Pilate therefore said to him, “Aren’t you speaking to me? Don’t you know that I have power to release you and have power to crucify you?” 11Jesus answered, “You would have no power at all against me, unless it were given to you from above. Therefore he who delivered me to you has greater sin.” 12At this, Pilate was seeking to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, “If you release this man, you aren’t Caesar’s friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar!” 13When Pilate therefore heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judgment seat at a place called “The Pavement”, but in Hebrew, “Gabbatha.” 14Now it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, at about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, “Behold, your King!” 15They cried out, “Away with him! Away with him! Crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your King?” The chief priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar!” 16So then he delivered him to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus and led him away. 17He went out, bearing his cross, to the place called “The Place of a Skull”, which is called in Hebrew, “Golgotha”, 18where they crucified him, and with him two others, on either side one, and Jesus in the middle. 19Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. There was written, “JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.” 20Therefore many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek. 21The chief priests of the Jews therefore said to Pilate, “Don’t write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but, ‘he said, “I am King of the Jews.”’” 22Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.” 23Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also the tunic. Now the tunic was without seam, woven from the top throughout. 24Then they said to one another, “Let’s not tear it, but cast lots for it to decide whose it will be,” that the Scripture might be fulfilled, which says, “They parted my garments among them. They cast lots for my clothing.” Therefore the soldiers did these things. 25But standing by Jesus’ cross were his mother, his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26Therefore when Jesus saw his mother, and the disciple whom he loved standing there, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold, your son!” 27Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” From that hour, the disciple took her to his own home. 28After this, Jesus, seeing that all things were now finished, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, said, “I am thirsty!” 29Now a vessel full of vinegar was set there; so they put a sponge full of the vinegar on hyssop, and held it at his mouth. 30When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, “It is finished!” Then he bowed his head and gave up his spirit. 31Therefore the Jews, because it was the Preparation Day, so that the bodies wouldn’t remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a special one), asked of Pilate that their legs might be broken and that they might be taken away. 32Therefore the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was crucified with him; 33but when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they didn’t break his legs. 34However, one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out. 35He who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows that he tells the truth, that you may believe. 36For these things happened that the Scripture might be fulfilled, “A bone of him will not be broken.” 37Again another Scripture says, “They will look on him whom they pierced.” 38After these things, Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, asked of Pilate that he might take away Jesus’ body. Pilate gave him permission. He came therefore and took away his body. 39Nicodemus, who at first came to Jesus by night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred Roman pounds. 40So they took Jesus’ body, and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury. 41Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden. In the garden was a new tomb in which no man had ever yet been laid. 42Then, because of the Jews’ Preparation Day (for the tomb was near at hand), they laid Jesus there.
World English Bible, 2020 stable text edition. Public domain; “World English Bible” is a trademark of eBible.org. eBible.org
Overview
John Chapter 19 presents the climactic events leading to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The chapter begins with Jesus being handed over to be flogged and mocked by the Roman soldiers, who crown Him with thorns and dress Him in a purple robe, sarcastically hailing Him as 'King of the Jews' (John19:1-3). This humiliation fulfills the prophecies regarding the suffering servant, as seen in Isaiah 53, where the Messiah is depicted as despised and rejected. Pilate, the Roman governor, presents Jesus to the crowd, declaring, 'I find no guilt in him' (John19:4), yet succumbs to the pressure of the Jewish leaders and the crowd demanding His crucifixion. This moment highlights the tension between justice and the will of the people, illustrating the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan through Jesus' suffering and death.
As the narrative progresses, Jesus is led to Golgotha, where He is crucified alongside two criminals. The inscription above His head reads 'Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews' (John19:19), further emphasizing His identity and the irony of His kingship in the face of suffering. In His final moments, Jesus entrusts the care of His mother, Mary, to the disciple John, showcasing His compassion even in agony (John19:26-27). The chapter concludes with Jesus declaring, 'It is finished' (John19:30), signifying the completion of His mission to atone for humanity's sins. This powerful statement marks the culmination of His earthly ministry and the establishment of a new covenant, fulfilling the prophecies of the Old Testament and paving the way for salvation for all who believe.
Referenced by
- Exodus 12:46v36Exodus 12:46 commands that no bone of the Passover lamb be broken, which is fulfilled in John 19:36, where it is noted that none of Jesus' bones were broken during His crucifixion.
- Psalms 22:18v23Psalm 22:18 describes the casting of lots for clothing, which is fulfilled in John 19:23-24 when the soldiers cast lots for Jesus' garments at His crucifixion.
- Psalms 34:20v36Psalm 34:20, which states that God protects all the bones of the righteous, is seen as a prophetic reference to Jesus, whose bones were not broken during His crucifixion, as noted in John 19:36.
- Zechariah 12:10v37Zechariah 12:10 prophesies that the inhabitants of Jerusalem will look on the one they have pierced and mourn. John 19:37 cites this prophecy as being fulfilled in Jesus' crucifixion, where He is pierced by a spear.
- Luke 2:34-35v34Simeon's prophecy in Luke 2:34-35 about the piercing of Mary's soul foreshadows the crucifixion of Jesus, as seen in John 19:34 when Jesus' side is pierced.
- 1 John 5:6v341 John 5:6 mentions Jesus coming by water and blood, which is illustrated in John 19:34 when a soldier pierces Jesus' side, and blood and water flow out, symbolizing His humanity and sacrificial death.
- Revelation 16:17v30Revelation 16:17 declares 'It is done!' at the pouring of the seventh bowl, echoing Jesus' declaration 'It is finished' on the cross in John 19:30, signifying the completion of God's plan.
Topics in this chapter
- Atonement
- Crucifixion
- Redemption
- Sacrifice
- Authority
- Fulfillment
- Messiah
- Prophecy
- Kingship
- Salvation
- Scripture
- Witness
- Burial
- Eucharist
- Golgotha
- It Is Finished
- Jerusalem
- Jesus Christ
- Mary
- Mother of Jesus (Mary)
- New Covenant
- Obedience
- Passover
- Pontius Pilate
- Roman Governor
- Suffering Servant
- Baptism
- Basileus
- Beloved Disciple
- Christian Art
- Christian Family
- Christlike Service
- Communion
- Completion of the Christian Life
- Courage
- Crown of Thorns
- Death of Jesus
- Discipleship
- Divine Relationship
- Divine Sovereignty
- Divinity of Christ
- Evangelism
- Exousia
- Faith
- Family
- Finished Work of Christ
- Foreshadowing in the Bible
- Garden Tomb
- Genesis 1
- Good Friday
- Grace
- High Priest
- Holy Week
- Humanity of Christ
- Hymn
- Identity in Christ
- Incarnation
- Innocence
- Jesus is King
- John
- Joseph of Arimathea
- King
- King of the Jews
- Lordship
- Love
- Mary and John
- Nicodemus
- Passion Music
- Passion Narrative
- Pharisee
- Pierced Side of Christ
- Prophecy Fulfilled
- Recognition in the Bible
- Responsibility
- Resurrection
- Resurrection Preparation
- Sacraments
- Sacrificial Love
- Seamless Garment
- Sovereignty of God
- Suffering
- Testimony
- Tetelestai
- The Cross
- The Roman Empire
- Trial
- Trusting God
- Unity
- Universal Kingship
- Victory
- Victory Over Death
Related chapters
- Matthew 27Jesus is KingResurrection PreparationCrown of Thorns
- Mark 15King of the JewsCrown of ThornsDeath of Jesus
- Luke 23Death of JesusGolgothaJoseph of Arimathea
- Psalms 22Good FridaySuffering ServantCrucifixion
- Zechariah 12Good FridayCrucifixionAtonement
- Isaiah 53Good FridayBurialSuffering Servant
- John 18Passion NarrativePontius PilateHoly Week
- Matthew 26Passion MusicPontius PilateHoly Week
- Luke 2Mother of Jesus (Mary)MaryCrucifixion
- John 3NicodemusPhariseeCrucifixion
- Exodus 12PassoverCommunionEucharist
- 1 John 5IncarnationBaptismJesus Christ
Your study
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